Original U.S. Psychological Operations Leaflet C31, Operation Desert Storm, Iraq, 1991
Original double-sided U.S. and Coalition psychological operations leaflet produced during Operation Desert Storm. Printed in Arabic, the leaflet uses the image of a bomb to warn Iraqi forces that Coalition attacks can occur anywhere and anytime, while blaming Saddam Hussein for bringing death and destruction upon Iraq.
Leaflet Number: C31
Operation: Operation Desert Storm
Conflict and War: Gulf War
Year: 1991
Country and Theater: Iraq
Language(s): Arabic
Format: Original printed leaflet, double-sided, black-and-white
Provenance: Airdropped leaflet acquired from the family of a U.S. military commander.
Translation:
Front: “Warning! This is only the beginning! This could have been a real bomb. We have no desire to harm innocent people, but Saddam is leading you to certain death and destruction. We want you to know the truth! Saddam is the cause. Yes, the Multi-National Forces have the ability to strike anywhere and anytime. Warning!”
Back: “The truth: Saddam has isolated you from the world. The Arab League, the Organization of the Islamic Conference, and the United Nations have all condemned Saddam’s actions. Twenty-eight nations have mobilized their forces as a result of his actions, and other countries are participating in gathering their forces. Do not let Saddam be the cause of destruction upon you.”
Imagery: Front shows the outline of a bomb containing Arabic warning text, turning the leaflet itself into a visual threat of aerial attack. Back presents a text-only message under the heading “The truth,” emphasizing Iraq’s political isolation and international condemnation of Saddam Hussein.
Objective: To warn Iraqi soldiers and civilians that Coalition forces can strike with precision at any time, while shifting blame for the bombing and wider destruction onto Saddam Hussein.
Condition: Very good condition. Original example with clean black-and-white printing, light handling wear, minor creasing, and faint surface marks. Text and imagery remain clearly legible.
Featured in American War Propaganda Leaflets, 1990–2022, Khajistan Press.
Exhibited in Khajistan: Office of War Information (O.W.I.) at Pioneer Works, New York, May 08 – Aug 09, 2026.
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